Revolver.



GIOVANNI MONGARIDI, 015 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

REVOLVER. 1 I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 12, 1915.

Application filed September 16, 1913. Serial No. 790,144.

volvers, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to firearms and particularly to arms of the revolver type in which the charges are contained in a revoluble cylinder having a series of chambers and adapted to be placed and locked so I that each chamber in turn maybe brought in alinement with the barrel of the firearm.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a mode of mounting the cylinder so that it can be operated more readily to discharge the empty shells and to be reloaded, and at the same time to provide a perfectly secure locking device for holding the cylinder when it is in position for firing.

To this end the invention consists in an improved mode of mounting the cylinder so that it can swing pivotally aside from the firing position, together with a novel device for automatically ejecting the cartridge shells when the cylinder is thus swung aside.

The preferred form of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of'a revolver with a portion broken away to expose the firing pin to view. Fig. 2 is a horizontal fragmentary sectional View on line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the cylinder and associated parts, partly broken away, illustrating the cylinder in the position for loading. Fig. 4 is a cross section on line 4-4 of Fig. 1. elevation of the portion of the revolver in which the pivot for lateral movement of the cylinder is placed, the revolver being viewed in this figure from the opposite side to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary cross sectional view on line 66 of Fig. 1.

The revolver here illustrated has the grip 10, barrel 11, hammer 12, trigger 13, and cylinder 14, which may be the same as the corresponding parts of any hitherto known revolver, or may have any other desired form or character. The present invention is not concerned with these parts of the revolver but may be applied to a revolver of any type in which the corresponding parts may have any other form than that illus- Fig. 5 is a fragmentary trated. The cylinder 14 has a number of chambers 15, as usual, and is mounted revolublypn a shaft 16, which when the cylinder 1s 1n the firing position is parallel to the barrel and so placed that the cylinder may be revolved to put any one and each of its chambers into alinement with the barrel and with the firing pin 17 of the hammer.

The pivot rod 16 of the cylinder is mounted in a block 18 in which it is also movable longitudinally and such block is connected to a vertical pivot 19 mounted in the body of the revolver. The term vertical used in description of the pivot 19 is employed relatively, having respect to the position in whlch the revolver is held when being fired, which is that illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4. In other positions of the revolver said pivot 19 is still approximately perpendicular to the axis of the; revolution of the cylinder and to the barrel, which is the essential relation of the pivot. Such pivot 19 extends into a socket or chamber 20 in the lower part of the revolver body, where it is surrounded by a spring 21, one end of which sprlng is bent sharply so as to enter a groove or keyway 22 in the side of the pivot, and

the other end of which is fastened to the revolver body, as shown best in Fig. 4. The spring is placed under such tension that its normal tendency is to swing pivot pin 19 and therewith the block 18 and cylinder aside from the firing position into approximately that position shown in Fig. 3. This tendency is resisted and the cylinder is locked against displacement when in the firing position, by a holder or retainer 23 which, as here shown and as best illustrated in Fig. 2, is mounted on the revolver body in the opening provided therein to contain the cylinder and at the rear end of such opening. This holder in the form illustrated is a plate, although it may have any other form, mounted so that it may move backwardly and forwardly through a limited distance and having guide wings or flanges 24 and 25 and a projection or stud 26 for guiding its movement. The holder also has an aperture of such a size and located in such a position that it may receive and fit the outer end of the rod 16 and thereby hold the latter against' lateral displacement, the holder being itself prevented from displacement by the guide wing or flange 24 and by a socket 27 on the body of the revolver, into which the stud 26 projects. A

j be in the chambers of the cylinder. a ejectoris attached to the rear end of the rod spring 28 surrounds the stud 26 within said socket and abuts at its opposite ends against an external shoulder on the stud and an internal shoulder in the socket respectively, tending to press the holder forwardly. Said stud 26 also projects rearwardly through the rear end of the socket 27 and has notches 29 in its opposite sides to receive the forked end 30 of a lever 31 which is pivoted to the body of the revolver on a stud 32 and has a roughened finger piece 33 in position to be conveniently engaged and pressed upon by the thumb or a finger. ofthe hand with which the user grasps the revolver grip.

" It will be understood from the foregoing that when the cylinder is in firing position it is rigidly held at opposite-ends by the pivot stud 19 and the holder 23 respectively, and that said holder is normally-so held by the spring that it positively engages the pivot rod 16 and prevents lateral displacement of the cylinder. In order to load the revolver the user presses the finger-engaging portion 33 of the lever 31 forwardly, thus drawing backthe fork 30 and the holder 23, releasing therear end of the rod '16 and allowing the cylinder to swing to one side to approximately the position shown in Fig. ;3 under the influence, of the spring 21.

When the cylinder is thus swung aside an automatic ejector 34: acts to throw out the cartridges or discharged shells which may Said 16, convenientlyby being screwed thereon as shown in Fig. 2, and it is so shapedand located in a recess in theend of the cylinder as tounderlie and engage the rim flanges of all the cartridges in the cylinder, after the manner of ejectors commonly used in revolvers. The movement of the ejector to throw out the shells is produced by means which Iwill now describe. The central part of the cylinder is enlarged at the rear portion around the pivot rod 16 to make a chamber 35 in which there is a spring 36 pressing against the ejector and reacting against theend of chamber 35, so -that it tends to throw the ejector outward. The spring 36 is normally kept under compression by a latch 37 pivoted at 38 on the block 18 and having a shoulder 39 engaged under a flange or shoulder 4-0011 the forward end of the pivot rod 16. A spring 41 interposed between the block 18 and the tail of latch 37 tends to place and hold the latch where it will engage the flange or head 4:0 as shown in Fig. 2. The latch hasalso' a finger42 provided with an inclined cam surface or wedge portion 43, which is arranged to slide over and bear againstan edge or abutment- 44 provided on the revolver body, when the cylinder swings aside. When the cylinder nears the limit of its outward movement the latch cam 43 engages the abutment 441 as time move the rod 16 endwise.

shown in Fig. 3, and is turned about its leasing the rod 16 and allowing the spring 36 to throw the ejector out, and at the same of expansion of which the spring is capable is not suflicient, however, to withdraw the rod 16 entirely from the block 18, and the cylinder is prevented from falling The amount away from such block by'a catch45, which is fastened on the side of the block and catches over a shoulder 16 formed on a part of the cylinder next to the block 18. l/Vhen the cylinder is moved back slightly from the extreme position shown in Fig. 3, the

latch 37 is released from the abutment/11 and is brought by its spring 41 into position to automatically engage the head 40 when the ejector and therod 16 are pushed inward prior to loading or during the act of inserting cartridges into the cylinder.

It will be appreciated from the forego ing description that a revolver equipped with my invention, after having been discharged can be reloaded with great case and very quickly. The user has simply to move the lever 31 by the pressure of one finger, whereupon the cylinder swings outward automatically and immediately ejects the shells automatically. Then the cylinder can be quickly reloaded and brought back to position, being automatically engaged and locked in such positionby the holder 23. In

attaining the firing position the cylinder first pushes back the holder 23 and then when the rod 16 is in line with the aperture in such holder, the latter is automatically placed over the rod by the spring 28.

This invention can be applied to revolvers of all types which have revoluble cartridge.

carrying cylinders, and may be used in connection with whatever mechanism such revolvers possess for rotating the cylinder step by. step to place the chambers successively in line with the barrel.

WVhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a revolver the combination with the body portion thereof ofean ammunition cylinder. a pivot rod on which said cylinder is mounted, a pivotally mounted block in which a portion of said rod iscontained,

the pivotal axisv ofsaid block being trans verse to said rod, ashell ejector connected to said rod adjacent to the rear end ofthe cylinder, means tending to move said ejector and rod rearwardly, a latch mounted upon said block and-engaged with said rod for preventing operation of said rod and means for automatically releasing said latch. when the cylinder is swung aside.

2. In a firearm the combination with a pivotally mounted block with which-- said al body portion of an ammunition container,

container is connected and with which it is the container and thereby permitting oper- 10 adapted to swing into and out of firing poation of the shell ejector. sition, a shell ejector associated with said In testimony whereof I have affixed my container, a spring arranged to operate said signature, in presence of two witnesses.

shell ejector, a latch mounted upon said block and movable therewith the latch being GIOVANNI MONGARDI' arranged so as to normally prevent oper- Witnesses:

ation of said shell ejector, and a means for P. W. Pnzzn'r'rr,

releasing said latch upon swinging aside of D. L. CLARK.

Qopies 0! this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Iatents, Washington, D. 0. 

